---
title: "rule_unread"
url: https://services.dev/docs/reference/check/rule_unread
---
# rule_unread

URL: https://services.dev/docs/reference/check/rule_unread

> The rules table binds a name nothing reads: a key that names no Service file, or a row no step performs that is neither an advice class nor refused.

| Fix | Fails in | Exit |
|---|---|---|
| Rename it to what it means, or take it out. | `rules.ts:8` · `rules.services['translation'].notarize` | 1 |

**Owned by** [Build it](https://services.dev/docs/examples/legal/build.md): the page that explains what this gate holds.

## What check says

```txt title="npx services.dev check"
  ✗ The rules table binds a name nothing reads: a key that names no Service file, or a row no step performs that is neither an advice class nor refused. Rename it to what it means, or take it out. rules.services['translation'].notarize is a row no step of translation performs. A row binds nothing until a step does its act.
    at rules.ts:8 · rules.services['translation'].notarize
✗ 1 to fix
```

## The failing file

```ts title="rules.ts"
import { Rules } from 'services.dev'

export default Rules({
  version: '2026-10',
  services: {
    translation: {
      sign: { reserved: 'sworn translator', where: '*', position: 'A sworn translator signs a translation filed with a registry.' },
      notarize: { reserved: 'sworn translator', where: '*', position: 'A notary seals a translation for a registry.' },
    },
  },
})
```

## The fix

```diff title="git add -A && git diff --staged"
diff --git a/rules.ts b/rules.ts
index ab66914..ea708e3 100644
--- a/rules.ts
+++ b/rules.ts
@@ -5,7 +5,6 @@ export default Rules({
   services: {
     translation: {
       sign: { reserved: 'sworn translator', where: '*', position: 'A sworn translator signs a translation filed with a registry.' },
-      notarize: { reserved: 'sworn translator', where: '*', position: 'A notary seals a translation for a registry.' },
     },
   },
 })
```

```txt title="npx services.dev check"
✓ ready to sell · 1 Service · it keeps at least 80% of every job
```

## The rest of the brand

```ts title="services/translation.ts"
import { Service } from 'services.dev'
import rules from '../rules.ts'

export default Service({
  name: 'Translation',
  input: { document: 'file', to: 'language: a BCP 47 tag, such as fr-CA' },
  output: { document: 'file' },
  rules,
  roles: { translator: { credential: 'sworn translator' } },
  deliver: {
    translate: 'ai',
    harden: { review: 'adversarial', lenses: ['meaning', 'terms'] },
    sign: { by: 'translator', stamp: true },
  },
  price: 89,
})
```

## In the legal example

How the legal example passes this gate, in lines read from its files.

```ts title="examples/legal/rules.ts"
  'trademark-response': {
// …
    fee: { open: true, position: 'Paying the office its fee is a delivery act.' },
// …
shared: { litigate: { refused: true, route: 'https://referrals.example.test/litigation', position: 'Litigation is retained directly, never ordered here.' } },
```

```ts title="examples/legal/services/trademark-response.ts"
deliver: {
// …
  fee: { routed: true, submit: 'https://filings.example.test/fees', to: 'USPTO', receipt: 'receipt', next: () => 'file' },
```

Read them in context: [The rules table](https://services.dev/docs/examples/legal/rules.md), [Trademark response](https://services.dev/docs/examples/legal/trademark-response.md).

## Explained in

- [Build it](https://services.dev/docs/examples/legal/build.md)
- [Build it](https://services.dev/docs/examples/tax/build.md)

## What an agent reads

```json title="npx services.dev check --json · the rule_unread failure"
{
  "code": "rule_unread",
  "reason": "The rules table binds a name nothing reads: a key that names no Service file, or a row no step performs that is neither an advice class nor refused.",
  "next": "Rename it to what it means, or take it out. rules.services['translation'].notarize is a row no step of translation performs. A row binds nothing until a step does its act.",
  "doc_url": "https://services.dev/docs/reference/check/rule_unread",
  "file": "rules.ts",
  "line": 8,
  "path": "rules.services['translation'].notarize"
}
```

<details>
<summary>The whole document check --json prints</summary>

```json title="npx services.dev check --json"
{
  "ai": {
    "cents_per_call": 42,
    "simulated": true
  },
  "mcp": {
    "tools": 13,
    "tokens": 4490,
    "sandbox": 9,
    "budget": 8000
  },
  "files": [
    {
      "path": "rules.ts",
      "lines": 7,
      "kind": "rules",
      "says": "rules 2026-10 · 1 Service · 2 rows"
    }
  ],
  "services": [
    {
      "path": "services/translation.ts",
      "lines": 11,
      "steps": "translate · ai → harden · ai · adversarial · 2 lenses → sign · translator · * · stamped",
      "ok": false,
      "price": "$89 per job, within 48 hours, charged on delivery.",
      "who": "A translator signs every document before delivery. (rules 2026-10)",
      "roles": [
        "translator · sworn translator · your staff"
      ],
      "rules": "2026-10",
      "boundary": {
        "full": [
          "reserved sign to sworn translator"
        ]
      },
      "agent": {
        "tool": "order_translation",
        "words": 26,
        "job": "job_7Hq2",
        "status": "waiting",
        "on": "person",
        "charged": null,
        "person": true,
        "why": ""
      },
      "ledger": "+$89.00 · AI $1.26 (example) · you $87.74",
      "approved_ledger": null,
      "outcome": null,
      "margin": {
        "floor": {
          "cents": 7120,
          "pct": 80
        },
        "own": 7120,
        "stop": 1780,
        "nested": []
      },
      "apps": [
        "customer portal",
        "delivery portal",
        "owner console"
      ],
      "failures": [
        {
          "code": "rule_unread",
          "reason": "The rules table binds a name nothing reads: a key that names no Service file, or a row no step performs that is neither an advice class nor refused.",
          "next": "Rename it to what it means, or take it out. rules.services['translation'].notarize is a row no step of translation performs. A row binds nothing until a step does its act.",
          "doc_url": "https://services.dev/docs/reference/check/rule_unread",
          "file": "rules.ts",
          "line": 8,
          "path": "rules.services['translation'].notarize"
        }
      ]
    }
  ]
}
```

</details>

---

- Up: [check’s gates](https://services.dev/docs/reference/check.md)
- Previous: [act_unruled](https://services.dev/docs/reference/check/act_unruled.md)
- Next: [where_unresolved](https://services.dev/docs/reference/check/where_unresolved.md)
